feat(submissions): auto-name new drafts <date> <client>./.<forum>./.<opponent> (m/paliad#155)

New project-bound submission drafts now default to a sortable, legal-
convention title instead of the bare "Entwurf N" counter:

    <YYYY-MM-DD> <ClientName> ./. <ForumShort> ./. <OpponentName>

- Date leads (ISO, Europe/Berlin) so drafts list chronologically; " ./. "
  is the German legal "gegen" separator.
- Client = root 'client' ancestor of the project tree.
- Forum = proceeding-type jurisdiction (UPC/EPA/DPMA); German proceedings
  resolve to the deciding court (LG/OLG/BGH/BPatG) from the code tail.
- Opponent = primary opposing party, picked by our_side posture
  (active → defendant bucket, reactive → claimant bucket).
- Any segment that resolves empty is omitted with its leading separator;
  a project-less draft keeps the legacy "Entwurf N" scheme entirely.
- Create-time only: existing drafts are never renamed, and a lawyer's
  later manual rename via Update is untouched. Same-slot collisions
  de-duplicate with a " (N)" suffix.

Customization scope (per-user / firm / template, issue #155 Q4) is v1.1 —
the template is hardcoded in submission_autoname.go for now; the override
string is documented as the single extension point on AutoSubmissionTitle.

Example output:
  full:        2026-05-31 Bayer AG ./. UPC ./. Novartis Pharma
  no opponent: 2026-05-31 Bayer AG ./. BPatG
  no forum:    2026-05-31 Bayer AG ./. Novartis Pharma
  date only:   2026-05-31

AutoSubmissionTitle + segment resolvers are pure and table-tested
(submission_autoname_test.go); the Create flow is covered end-to-end
against real Postgres in submission_draft_autoname_live_test.go (gated
on TEST_DATABASE_URL).

internal/services/submission_autoname.go

@@ -0,0 +1,178 @@
+package services
+
+// Auto-naming for freshly-created submission drafts (t-paliad-352 /
+// m/paliad#155). A new project-bound draft gets a sortable, legal-
+// convention default title instead of the bare "Entwurf N" counter:
+//
+//	<YYYY-MM-DD> <ClientName> ./. <ForumShort> ./. <OpponentName>
+//
+// The date leads so drafts sort chronologically; " ./. " is the German
+// legal shorthand for "gegen". The three identity segments are the
+// client we act for, the forum the proceeding runs in, and the opposing
+// party — exactly the trio m named ("CLIENTNAME / UPC / OPPONENTNAME").
+//
+// Missing-segment rule: any segment that resolves empty is dropped
+// together with its leading separator, so a project without an opponent
+// yet renders "2026-05-31 Bayer AG ./. UPC" (no trailing separator) and
+// a project-less draft never reaches this path at all (it keeps the
+// "Entwurf N" counter — see SubmissionDraftService.Create).
+//
+// v1.1 customization hook: the template is hardcoded here in v1. When m
+// promotes naming to a per-user / per-firm / per-base setting (issue
+// #155 Q4), the override string lands as an extra parameter on
+// AutoSubmissionTitle (or a small template struct) and the segment
+// resolvers below stay as the value source. Nothing else needs to move.
+
+import (
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+
+	"mgit.msbls.de/m/paliad/internal/models"
+)
+
+// submissionTitleSep is the separator between identity segments —
+// " ./. " is the German legal convention for "gegen" / "versus".
+const submissionTitleSep = " ./. "
+
+// AutoSubmissionTitle assembles the auto-generated draft title from the
+// resolved identity pieces. Pure and table-testable — every DB hop
+// happens in the caller (SubmissionDraftService.autoNameForProject).
+//
+// clientName is passed separately because the client we act for is the
+// root ancestor of the project tree, not a field on the draft's own
+// project node; the caller walks the path to resolve it. ourSide and
+// the proceeding type both come off the draft's project node, the
+// parties hang directly off it.
+//
+// The date is always present (formatted in Europe/Berlin to match the
+// today.* render vars); the three identity segments are appended only
+// when non-empty.
+func AutoSubmissionTitle(now time.Time, clientName string, project *models.Project, parties []models.Party, pt *models.ProceedingType) string {
+	loc, _ := time.LoadLocation("Europe/Berlin")
+	if loc != nil {
+		now = now.In(loc)
+	}
+	date := now.Format("2006-01-02")
+
+	segments := make([]string, 0, 3)
+	if c := strings.TrimSpace(clientName); c != "" {
+		segments = append(segments, c)
+	}
+	if f := submissionForumShort(pt); f != "" {
+		segments = append(segments, f)
+	}
+	ourSide := ""
+	if project != nil {
+		ourSide = derefString(project.OurSide)
+	}
+	if o := submissionOpponentName(parties, ourSide); o != "" {
+		segments = append(segments, o)
+	}
+
+	if len(segments) == 0 {
+		return date
+	}
+	return date + " " + strings.Join(segments, submissionTitleSep)
+}
+
+// submissionForumShort maps a proceeding type to the short forum label
+// used in the auto-name. The jurisdiction is the forum for the
+// supranational / office tracks (UPC, EPA, DPMA); German court
+// proceedings disambiguate by the court that hears them (LG / OLG /
+// BGH / BPatG), which is the tail segment of the proceeding code
+// (de.inf.lg → LG, de.null.bpatg → BPatG). nil / unknown → "".
+func submissionForumShort(pt *models.ProceedingType) string {
+	if pt == nil {
+		return ""
+	}
+	switch j := strings.ToUpper(strings.TrimSpace(derefString(pt.Jurisdiction))); j {
+	case "":
+		return ""
+	case "DE":
+		return germanCourtShort(pt.Code)
+	default:
+		// UPC / EPA / DPMA and any future jurisdiction are their own
+		// forum label.
+		return j
+	}
+}
+
+// germanCourtShort returns the court abbreviation from the tail segment
+// of a German proceeding code (the part after the last "."). Known
+// courts get their canonical casing; anything else falls back to the
+// uppercased tail so a new German proceeding still yields a label.
+func germanCourtShort(code string) string {
+	parts := strings.Split(code, ".")
+	tail := strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(parts[len(parts)-1]))
+	switch tail {
+	case "":
+		return ""
+	case "lg":
+		return "LG"
+	case "olg":
+		return "OLG"
+	case "bgh":
+		return "BGH"
+	case "bpatg":
+		return "BPatG"
+	default:
+		return strings.ToUpper(tail)
+	}
+}
+
+// submissionOpponentName picks the name of the primary opposing party
+// given the side we act for. We act actively (claimant / applicant /
+// appellant) → the opponent is on the defendant bucket; we act
+// reactively (defendant / respondent) → the opponent is the claimant.
+// An unknown / unset side (third_party, other, NULL) can't fix a
+// posture, so no opponent is derived (the segment is omitted). The
+// first party of the opposing bucket wins — PartyService.ListForProject
+// orders by name, so the pick is deterministic for a given project.
+func submissionOpponentName(parties []models.Party, ourSide string) string {
+	var want string
+	switch sidePosture(ourSide) {
+	case "active":
+		want = "defendant"
+	case "reactive":
+		want = "claimant"
+	default:
+		return ""
+	}
+	for i := range parties {
+		if partyRoleBucket(parties[i].Role) == want {
+			if n := strings.TrimSpace(parties[i].Name); n != "" {
+				return n
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return ""
+}
+
+// sidePosture folds the our_side sub-role vocabulary (t-paliad-222)
+// down to the active / reactive axis. Returns "" for sides that have no
+// clear posture (third_party, other) or an unset value.
+func sidePosture(ourSide string) string {
+	switch strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(ourSide)) {
+	case "claimant", "applicant", "appellant":
+		return "active"
+	case "defendant", "respondent":
+		return "reactive"
+	default:
+		return ""
+	}
+}
+
+// partyRoleBucket folds a party's free-text role into the
+// claimant / defendant / other buckets. German and English spellings
+// both fold in; everything else (Streithelfer, Patentinhaberin, …) is
+// "other". Shared with addPartyVars so the two paths can't drift.
+func partyRoleBucket(role *string) string {
+	switch strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(derefString(role))) {
+	case "claimant", "kläger", "klaeger", "klägerin", "klaegerin":
+		return "claimant"
+	case "defendant", "beklagter", "beklagte":
+		return "defendant"
+	default:
+		return "other"
+	}
+}

internal/services/submission_autoname_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,224 @@
+package services
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"mgit.msbls.de/m/paliad/internal/models"
+)
+
+func party(name, role string) models.Party {
+	return models.Party{Name: name, Role: strPtr(role)}
+}
+
+func proceeding(jurisdiction, code string) *models.ProceedingType {
+	return &models.ProceedingType{Jurisdiction: strPtr(jurisdiction), Code: code}
+}
+
+func projectSide(side string) *models.Project {
+	if side == "" {
+		return &models.Project{}
+	}
+	return &models.Project{OurSide: strPtr(side)}
+}
+
+// noon UTC on 2026-05-31 → 14:00 Europe/Berlin (CEST), same calendar day.
+var fixedNow = time.Date(2026, 5, 31, 12, 0, 0, 0, time.UTC)
+
+func TestAutoSubmissionTitle(t *testing.T) {
+	cases := []struct {
+		name      string
+		clientName string
+		project   *models.Project
+		parties   []models.Party
+		pt        *models.ProceedingType
+		want      string
+	}{
+		{
+			name:       "full data — UPC, we are claimant",
+			clientName: "Bayer AG",
+			project:    projectSide("claimant"),
+			parties:    []models.Party{party("Novartis Pharma", "Beklagte")},
+			pt:         proceeding("UPC", "upc.inf.cfi"),
+			want:       "2026-05-31 Bayer AG ./. UPC ./. Novartis Pharma",
+		},
+		{
+			name:       "full data — German court, we are respondent",
+			clientName: "Bayer AG",
+			project:    projectSide("respondent"),
+			parties:    []models.Party{party("Acme Generics", "Klägerin")},
+			pt:         proceeding("DE", "de.null.bpatg"),
+			want:       "2026-05-31 Bayer AG ./. BPatG ./. Acme Generics",
+		},
+		{
+			name:       "no opponent — opposing bucket empty",
+			clientName: "Bayer AG",
+			project:    projectSide("claimant"),
+			parties:    []models.Party{party("Bayer AG", "Klägerin")}, // only our own side
+			pt:         proceeding("UPC", "upc.inf.cfi"),
+			want:       "2026-05-31 Bayer AG ./. UPC",
+		},
+		{
+			name:       "no forum — proceeding type missing",
+			clientName: "Bayer AG",
+			project:    projectSide("respondent"),
+			parties:    []models.Party{party("Acme Generics", "Klägerin")},
+			pt:         nil,
+			want:       "2026-05-31 Bayer AG ./. Acme Generics",
+		},
+		{
+			name:       "no client — client segment omitted",
+			clientName: "",
+			project:    projectSide("claimant"),
+			parties:    []models.Party{party("Novartis Pharma", "Beklagte")},
+			pt:         proceeding("UPC", "upc.inf.cfi"),
+			want:       "2026-05-31 UPC ./. Novartis Pharma",
+		},
+		{
+			name:       "all identity segments missing — date only",
+			clientName: "",
+			project:    projectSide(""), // no our_side → no opponent posture
+			parties:    nil,
+			pt:         nil,
+			want:       "2026-05-31",
+		},
+		{
+			name:       "unknown side — opponent omitted even with parties",
+			clientName: "Bayer AG",
+			project:    projectSide("third_party"),
+			parties:    []models.Party{party("Acme Generics", "Klägerin")},
+			pt:         proceeding("EPA", "epa.opp.opd"),
+			want:       "2026-05-31 Bayer AG ./. EPA",
+		},
+		{
+			name:       "nil project — opponent omitted, client + forum stand",
+			clientName: "Bayer AG",
+			project:    nil,
+			parties:    []models.Party{party("Acme Generics", "Klägerin")},
+			pt:         proceeding("DPMA", "dpma.opp.dpma"),
+			want:       "2026-05-31 Bayer AG ./. DPMA",
+		},
+	}
+	for _, c := range cases {
+		t.Run(c.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			got := AutoSubmissionTitle(fixedNow, c.clientName, c.project, c.parties, c.pt)
+			if got != c.want {
+				t.Errorf("AutoSubmissionTitle = %q, want %q", got, c.want)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+// TestAutoSubmissionTitleBerlinDate locks the Europe/Berlin localisation:
+// 22:30 UTC on 2026-05-31 is already 00:30 on 2026-06-01 in CEST, so the
+// date segment must roll over.
+func TestAutoSubmissionTitleBerlinDate(t *testing.T) {
+	lateUTC := time.Date(2026, 5, 31, 22, 30, 0, 0, time.UTC)
+	got := AutoSubmissionTitle(lateUTC, "Bayer AG", projectSide("claimant"),
+		[]models.Party{party("Novartis", "Beklagte")}, proceeding("UPC", "upc.inf.cfi"))
+	want := "2026-06-01 Bayer AG ./. UPC ./. Novartis"
+	if got != want {
+		t.Errorf("AutoSubmissionTitle (late UTC) = %q, want %q", got, want)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestSubmissionForumShort(t *testing.T) {
+	cases := []struct {
+		pt   *models.ProceedingType
+		want string
+	}{
+		{nil, ""},
+		{proceeding("UPC", "upc.inf.cfi"), "UPC"},
+		{proceeding("EPA", "epa.opp.opd"), "EPA"},
+		{proceeding("DPMA", "dpma.opp.dpma"), "DPMA"},
+		{proceeding("DE", "de.inf.lg"), "LG"},
+		{proceeding("DE", "de.inf.olg"), "OLG"},
+		{proceeding("DE", "de.inf.bgh"), "BGH"},
+		{proceeding("DE", "de.null.bpatg"), "BPatG"},
+		{proceeding("DE", "de.null.bgh"), "BGH"},
+		{proceeding("DE", "de.foo.amtsgericht"), "AMTSGERICHT"}, // unknown court → uppercased tail
+		{proceeding("de", "de.inf.lg"), "LG"},                   // lowercase jurisdiction folds
+		{proceeding("", ""), ""},                                // no jurisdiction
+	}
+	for _, c := range cases {
+		if got := submissionForumShort(c.pt); got != c.want {
+			t.Errorf("submissionForumShort(%+v) = %q, want %q", c.pt, got, c.want)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestSubmissionOpponentName(t *testing.T) {
+	claimantA := party("Acme", "Klägerin")
+	defendantB := party("Novartis", "Beklagte")
+	other := party("Streithelfer X", "Streithelfer")
+
+	cases := []struct {
+		name    string
+		parties []models.Party
+		ourSide string
+		want    string
+	}{
+		{"active → first defendant", []models.Party{claimantA, defendantB}, "claimant", "Novartis"},
+		{"reactive → first claimant", []models.Party{claimantA, defendantB}, "respondent", "Acme"},
+		{"applicant (active) → defendant", []models.Party{defendantB}, "applicant", "Novartis"},
+		{"appellant (active) → defendant", []models.Party{defendantB}, "appellant", "Novartis"},
+		{"defendant (reactive) → claimant", []models.Party{claimantA}, "defendant", "Acme"},
+		{"unknown side → none", []models.Party{claimantA, defendantB}, "third_party", ""},
+		{"empty side → none", []models.Party{claimantA, defendantB}, "", ""},
+		{"no opposing party → none", []models.Party{claimantA, other}, "claimant", ""},
+		{"opposing bucket only 'other' → none", []models.Party{other}, "respondent", ""},
+	}
+	for _, c := range cases {
+		t.Run(c.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			if got := submissionOpponentName(c.parties, c.ourSide); got != c.want {
+				t.Errorf("submissionOpponentName = %q, want %q", got, c.want)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestUniqueDraftName(t *testing.T) {
+	cases := []struct {
+		name     string
+		base     string
+		existing []string
+		want     string
+	}{
+		{"free", "2026-05-31 Bayer AG ./. UPC", nil, "2026-05-31 Bayer AG ./. UPC"},
+		{"first clash → (2)", "2026-05-31 Bayer AG ./. UPC",
+			[]string{"2026-05-31 Bayer AG ./. UPC"}, "2026-05-31 Bayer AG ./. UPC (2)"},
+		{"two clash → (3)", "2026-05-31 Bayer AG ./. UPC",
+			[]string{"2026-05-31 Bayer AG ./. UPC", "2026-05-31 Bayer AG ./. UPC (2)"},
+			"2026-05-31 Bayer AG ./. UPC (3)"},
+		{"gap reused → (2)", "X",
+			[]string{"X", "X (3)"}, "X (2)"},
+	}
+	for _, c := range cases {
+		t.Run(c.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			if got := uniqueDraftName(c.base, c.existing); got != c.want {
+				t.Errorf("uniqueDraftName = %q, want %q", got, c.want)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestNextDraftName(t *testing.T) {
+	cases := []struct {
+		name     string
+		existing []string
+		lang     string
+		want     string
+	}{
+		{"empty de", nil, "de", "Entwurf 1"},
+		{"empty en", nil, "en", "Draft 1"},
+		{"highest+1", []string{"Entwurf 1", "Entwurf 3"}, "de", "Entwurf 4"},
+		{"ignores foreign names", []string{"2026-05-31 Bayer AG"}, "de", "Entwurf 1"},
+	}
+	for _, c := range cases {
+		t.Run(c.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			if got := nextDraftName(c.existing, c.lang); got != c.want {
+				t.Errorf("nextDraftName = %q, want %q", got, c.want)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}

internal/services/submission_draft_autoname_live_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,129 @@
+package services
+
+// Live-DB test for the submission-draft auto-naming scheme
+// (t-paliad-352 / m/paliad#155). Skipped without TEST_DATABASE_URL.
+//
+// Verifies the shipped Create flow end-to-end against real Postgres:
+// a project-bound draft is auto-named "<date> <client> ./. <forum> ./.
+// <opponent>" rather than "Entwurf N", the segments resolve from the
+// real project tree (client = root ancestor, forum = proceeding-type
+// jurisdiction, opponent = opposing party by our_side), and a second
+// draft on the same slot de-duplicates with a " (2)" suffix.
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"os"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/google/uuid"
+	"github.com/jmoiron/sqlx"
+	_ "github.com/lib/pq"
+
+	"mgit.msbls.de/m/paliad/internal/db"
+)
+
+func TestSubmissionDraft_AutoName_Live(t *testing.T) {
+	url := os.Getenv("TEST_DATABASE_URL")
+	if url == "" {
+		t.Skip("TEST_DATABASE_URL not set — skipping live DB test")
+	}
+	if err := db.ApplyMigrations(url); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("apply migrations: %v", err)
+	}
+	pool, err := sqlx.Connect("postgres", url)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("connect: %v", err)
+	}
+	defer pool.Close()
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	userID := uuid.New()
+	email := "autoname-" + userID.String()[:8] + "@hlc.com"
+	var clientID, caseID uuid.UUID
+	cleanup := func() {
+		pool.ExecContext(ctx, `DELETE FROM paliad.submission_drafts WHERE user_id = $1`, userID)
+		pool.ExecContext(ctx, `DELETE FROM paliad.parties WHERE project_id = $1`, caseID)
+		// Children first (FK), then root.
+		pool.ExecContext(ctx, `DELETE FROM paliad.project_teams WHERE user_id = $1`, userID)
+		pool.ExecContext(ctx, `DELETE FROM paliad.projects WHERE id = $1`, caseID)
+		pool.ExecContext(ctx, `DELETE FROM paliad.projects WHERE id = $1`, clientID)
+		pool.ExecContext(ctx, `DELETE FROM paliad.users WHERE id = $1`, userID)
+		pool.ExecContext(ctx, `DELETE FROM auth.users WHERE id = $1`, userID)
+	}
+	defer cleanup()
+	if _, err := pool.ExecContext(ctx, `INSERT INTO auth.users (id, email) VALUES ($1, $2)`, userID, email); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("seed auth.users: %v", err)
+	}
+	if _, err := pool.ExecContext(ctx,
+		`INSERT INTO paliad.users (id, email, display_name, office, global_role, lang)
+		 VALUES ($1, $2, 'Auto Name', 'munich', 'standard', 'de')`, userID, email); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("seed paliad.users: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	users := NewUserService(pool)
+	projects := NewProjectService(pool, users)
+	parties := NewPartyService(pool, projects)
+	vars := NewSubmissionVarsService(pool, projects, parties, users)
+	renderer := NewSubmissionRenderer()
+	drafts := NewSubmissionDraftService(pool, projects, vars, renderer)
+
+	// Client root → case child. The case carries the proceeding type
+	// (UPC) and our_side (claimant), the party is the opponent.
+	client, err := projects.Create(ctx, userID, CreateProjectInput{
+		Type: "client", Title: "Bayer AG",
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("create client project: %v", err)
+	}
+	clientID = client.ID
+
+	ptID := 8 // upc.inf.cfi → jurisdiction UPC
+	side := "claimant"
+	caseProj, err := projects.Create(ctx, userID, CreateProjectInput{
+		Type: "case", Title: "Streitsache", ParentID: &client.ID,
+		ProceedingTypeID: &ptID, OurSide: &side,
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("create case project: %v", err)
+	}
+	caseID = caseProj.ID
+
+	beklagte := "Beklagte"
+	if _, err := parties.Create(ctx, userID, caseProj.ID, CreatePartyInput{
+		Name: "Novartis Pharma", Role: &beklagte,
+	}); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("create party: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	loc, _ := time.LoadLocation("Europe/Berlin")
+	today := time.Now().In(loc).Format("2006-01-02")
+	wantBase := today + " Bayer AG ./. UPC ./. Novartis Pharma"
+
+	d1, err := drafts.Create(ctx, userID, &caseProj.ID, "upc.inf.cfi.sod", "de")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("create draft 1: %v", err)
+	}
+	if d1.Name != wantBase {
+		t.Fatalf("draft 1 name = %q, want %q", d1.Name, wantBase)
+	}
+
+	// Second draft on the same (project, code) slot must de-duplicate.
+	d2, err := drafts.Create(ctx, userID, &caseProj.ID, "upc.inf.cfi.sod", "de")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("create draft 2: %v", err)
+	}
+	want2 := wantBase + " (2)"
+	if d2.Name != want2 {
+		t.Fatalf("draft 2 name = %q, want %q", d2.Name, want2)
+	}
+
+	// A project-less draft keeps the legacy Entwurf-N counter.
+	dless, err := drafts.Create(ctx, userID, nil, "upc.inf.cfi.sod", "de")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("create project-less draft: %v", err)
+	}
+	if dless.Name != "Entwurf 1" {
+		t.Fatalf("project-less draft name = %q, want %q", dless.Name, "Entwurf 1")
+	}
+}

internal/services/submission_draft_service.go

@@ -356,12 +356,15 @@ func (s *SubmissionDraftService) EnsureLatest(ctx context.Context, userID, proje
 // creates with base_id=NULL — Composer is additive, the v1 fallback
 // path remains valid.
 func (s *SubmissionDraftService) Create(ctx context.Context, userID uuid.UUID, projectID *uuid.UUID, submissionCode, lang string) (*SubmissionDraft, error) {
+	var project *models.Project
 	if projectID != nil {
-		if _, err := s.projects.GetByID(ctx, userID, *projectID); err != nil {
+		p, err := s.projects.GetByID(ctx, userID, *projectID)
+		if err != nil {
 			return nil, err
 		}
+		project = p
 	}
-	name, err := s.nextDraftName(ctx, projectID, submissionCode, userID, lang)
+	name, err := s.newDraftName(ctx, userID, project, projectID, submissionCode, lang)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -431,20 +434,94 @@ func (s *SubmissionDraftService) Create(ctx context.Context, userID uuid.UUID, p
 	return &d, nil
 }
 
-// nextDraftName returns "Entwurf N" / "Draft N" with N = (highest
+// newDraftName picks the title for a freshly-created draft. Project-
-// existing N + 1), or N=1 if no draft yet. Falls back to a unique
+// bound drafts get the auto-name scheme (t-paliad-352 / m/paliad#155) —
-// suffix if two callers race; the unique constraint on the table is
+// "<date> <client> ./. <forum> ./. <opponent>", de-duplicated against
-// the final guard.
+// the user's existing drafts for the same (project, submission_code).
+// Project-less drafts (and any project-bound draft whose auto-name
+// resolves to nothing) fall back to the "Entwurf N" / "Draft N"
+// counter.
 //
-// A nil projectID scopes the search to the user's project-less drafts
+// Only Create calls this — existing drafts are never renamed (the
-// for this submission_code — matches the row-uniqueness contract on
+// scheme is create-time only, per #155). A lawyer's later manual rename
-// the DB side (project_id, submission_code, user_id, name) where
+// flows through Update and is left untouched.
-// project_id IS NULL is its own equivalence class.
+func (s *SubmissionDraftService) newDraftName(ctx context.Context, userID uuid.UUID, project *models.Project, projectID *uuid.UUID, submissionCode, lang string) (string, error) {
-func (s *SubmissionDraftService) nextDraftName(ctx context.Context, projectID *uuid.UUID, submissionCode string, userID uuid.UUID, lang string) (string, error) {
+	existing, err := s.existingDraftNames(ctx, projectID, submissionCode, userID)
-	prefix := "Entwurf"
+	if err != nil {
-	if strings.EqualFold(lang, "en") {
+		return "", err
-		prefix = "Draft"
 	}
+	if project != nil {
+		auto, err := s.autoNameForProject(ctx, time.Now(), project)
+		if err != nil {
+			return "", err
+		}
+		if strings.TrimSpace(auto) != "" {
+			return uniqueDraftName(auto, existing), nil
+		}
+	}
+	return nextDraftName(existing, lang), nil
+}
+
+// autoNameForProject resolves the three identity segments for a
+// project-bound draft and hands them to the pure AutoSubmissionTitle
+// assembler. The client is the root ancestor of the project tree (the
+// 'client' node), the proceeding type and our_side come off the draft's
+// own project node, and the parties hang directly off it.
+//
+// A failure to resolve the client / proceeding type is not fatal —
+// AutoSubmissionTitle just omits the empty segment — so the only errors
+// returned here are genuine DB faults.
+func (s *SubmissionDraftService) autoNameForProject(ctx context.Context, now time.Time, project *models.Project) (string, error) {
+	clientName, err := s.clientNameForProject(ctx, project.ID)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+
+	pt, err := s.vars.loadProceedingType(ctx, project.ProceedingTypeID)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+
+	var parties []models.Party
+	if err := s.db.SelectContext(ctx, &parties,
+		`SELECT id, project_id, name, role, representative, contact_info,
+		        created_at, updated_at
+		   FROM paliad.parties
+		  WHERE project_id = $1
+		  ORDER BY name`, project.ID); err != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("auto-name: load parties: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	return AutoSubmissionTitle(now, clientName, project, parties, pt), nil
+}
+
+// clientNameForProject returns the title of the 'client' ancestor in
+// the project's path (the firm's mandant). Empty string when the tree
+// has no client node — the auto-name then omits the client segment.
+func (s *SubmissionDraftService) clientNameForProject(ctx context.Context, projectID uuid.UUID) (string, error) {
+	var title string
+	err := s.db.GetContext(ctx, &title,
+		`SELECT p.title
+		   FROM paliad.projects target
+		   JOIN paliad.projects p
+		     ON p.id = ANY(string_to_array(target.path, '.')::uuid[])
+		  WHERE target.id = $1 AND p.type = 'client'
+		  LIMIT 1`, projectID)
+	if errors.Is(err, sql.ErrNoRows) {
+		return "", nil
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("auto-name: resolve client name: %w", err)
+	}
+	return title, nil
+}
+
+// existingDraftNames returns the names already in use for the
+// (project, submission_code, user) slot. A nil projectID scopes to the
+// user's project-less drafts for this submission_code — matching the
+// DB unique contract (project_id, submission_code, user_id, name) where
+// project_id IS NULL is its own equivalence class.
+func (s *SubmissionDraftService) existingDraftNames(ctx context.Context, projectID *uuid.UUID, submissionCode string, userID uuid.UUID) ([]string, error) {
 	var names []string
 	var err error
 	if projectID == nil {
@@ -459,16 +536,48 @@ func (s *SubmissionDraftService) nextDraftName(ctx context.Context, projectID *u
 			*projectID, submissionCode, userID)
 	}
 	if err != nil {
-		return "", fmt.Errorf("scan existing draft names: %w", err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("scan existing draft names: %w", err)
+	}
+	return names, nil
+}
+
+// nextDraftName returns "Entwurf N" / "Draft N" with N = (highest
+// existing N + 1), or N=1 if no draft yet. Falls back to a unique
+// suffix if two callers race; the unique constraint on the table is
+// the final guard. Pure over the supplied name list.
+func nextDraftName(existing []string, lang string) string {
+	prefix := "Entwurf"
+	if strings.EqualFold(lang, "en") {
+		prefix = "Draft"
 	}
 	highest := 0
-	for _, n := range names {
+	for _, n := range existing {
 		var idx int
 		if _, scanErr := fmt.Sscanf(n, prefix+" %d", &idx); scanErr == nil && idx > highest {
 			highest = idx
 		}
 	}
-	return fmt.Sprintf("%s %d", prefix, highest+1), nil
+	return fmt.Sprintf("%s %d", prefix, highest+1)
+}
+
+// uniqueDraftName returns base unchanged when it's free, otherwise
+// appends " (N)" with the lowest N≥2 that isn't taken. Mirrors the
+// "race → unique constraint is the final guard" contract of
+// nextDraftName; pure over the supplied name list.
+func uniqueDraftName(base string, existing []string) string {
+	taken := make(map[string]struct{}, len(existing))
+	for _, n := range existing {
+		taken[n] = struct{}{}
+	}
+	if _, clash := taken[base]; !clash {
+		return base
+	}
+	for i := 2; ; i++ {
+		cand := fmt.Sprintf("%s (%d)", base, i)
+		if _, clash := taken[cand]; !clash {
+			return cand
+		}
+	}
 }
 
 // Update patches the draft. Variables is replace-semantics — pass the

internal/services/submission_vars.go

@@ -412,11 +412,10 @@ func addProjectVars(bag PlaceholderMap, p *models.Project, pt *models.Proceeding
 func addPartyVars(bag PlaceholderMap, parties []models.Party) {
 	var claimants, defendants, others []models.Party
 	for i := range parties {
-		role := strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(derefString(parties[i].Role)))
+		switch partyRoleBucket(parties[i].Role) {
-		switch role {
+		case "claimant":
-		case "claimant", "kläger", "klaeger", "klägerin", "klaegerin":
 			claimants = append(claimants, parties[i])
-		case "defendant", "beklagter", "beklagte":
+		case "defendant":
 			defendants = append(defendants, parties[i])
 		default:
 			others = append(others, parties[i])