feat(litigationplanner): Berufung unification — one upc.apl + 5 appeal_target chips (Slice B1, m/paliad#124 §18.1)

Collapses the 3 UPC appeal proceeding_types (upc.apl.merits 7 rules,
upc.apl.cost 2, upc.apl.order 7 = 16 total across 3 codes) into ONE
unified upc.apl proceeding type + a per-rule applies_to_target[]
discriminator. The verfahrensablauf picker now shows one "Berufung"
tile; after picking it, the user selects which decision the appeal is
directed AT via a 5-chip group (Endentscheidung / Kostenentscheidung /
Anordnung / Schadensbemessung / Bucheinsicht) and the engine filters
rules whose applies_to_target contains the picked slug.

m's 2026-05-26 decision: Schadensbemessung-as-appeal is a NEW first-
class target with its OWN rule set (no shared inheritance from
merits). The 5 enum values are all defined + addressable; for now
schadensbemessung and bucheinsicht return empty timelines until rules
are seeded in a follow-up slice (likely via /admin/rules or pairing
with t-paliad-193 orphan-concept-seed).

Migration 134 (additive only):
  - ADD proceeding_types.appeal_target text (CHECK on 5 slugs OR NULL)
  - ADD deadline_rules.applies_to_target text[] (CHECK each element
    in the 5 slugs)
  - INSERT the unified upc.apl row (inherits sort/color from
    upc.apl.merits)
  - Audit-first RAISE NOTICE pass listing every row about to be
    touched + a post-migration sanity check
  - Reassign rule rows: merits → applies_to_target={endentscheidung},
    cost → {kostenentscheidung}, order → {anordnung}
  - Archive (is_active=false, NOT DELETE) the 3 old proceeding_types
    so historical FKs stay intact
  - Down migration restores is_active=true on the 3 old types, points
    rules back by their applies_to_target stamp, drops the unified
    row, drops both columns. Safe.

Package additions (pkg/litigationplanner):
  - AppealTarget* constants + AppealTargets[] ordered list +
    IsValidAppealTarget(s) predicate (silent no-op on unknown slugs
    so a stale frontend chip doesn't break the render)
  - ProceedingType.AppealTarget *string field (top-level marker;
    NULL on non-appeal proceedings)
  - Rule.AppliesToTarget pq.StringArray field (per-row applies-to set)
  - CalcOptions.AppealTarget string (engine filter — when set,
    keeps only rules whose AppliesToTarget contains the slug)

Engine filter runs after ApplyRuleOverrides but before the rule walk
so the existing condition_expr / spawn / appellant-context machinery
operates on the filtered subset transparently.

paliad-side wiring:
  - deadline_rule_service.go: ruleColumns + proceedingTypeColumns
    extended to scan the new columns
  - handlers/fristenrechner.go: AppealTarget JSON field on the
    request payload, threaded into CalcOptions

Frontend (verfahrensablauf surface only):
  - Single "Berufung" tile replaces the 3 separate Berufung tiles
  - New 5-chip appeal-target row, shown only when upc.apl is picked
  - URL state ?target=<slug>; default endentscheidung when none set
  - APPELLANT_AXIS_PROCEEDINGS updated: upc.apl.* (3 entries) →
    upc.apl (1 entry)
  - i18n keys (DE + EN) for the new tile + the 5 chip labels +
    the "Worauf richtet sich die Berufung?" / "Appeal against:" prompt
  - calculateDeadlines threads appealTarget through to the API

Acceptance:
  - go build clean, go test all green (existing test suite — no new
    tests on the engine filter as a follow-up; the migration's
    sanity-check DO block guards the rule-reassignment count)
  - Live audit before drafting confirmed: 3 active UPC appeal
    proceeding_types, 16 rules total, primary_party already conforms
    to 4-value vocab on all proceeding-bound rules

docs/design-litigation-planner-2026-05-26.md

@@ -1245,16 +1245,26 @@ Frontend logic:
 5. Existing project rows that referenced the old `upc.apl.merits` / `upc.apl.cost` / `upc.apl.order` codes still load (the FK integrity is preserved via the archived old rows).
 6. The `paliad.proceeding_type_history` follow-up (not in scope here) can later migrate those project FKs to the new `upc.apl` + `appeal_target` field — that's a follow-up.
 
-#### Open question for m (escalate via `mai instruct head`)
+#### m's answer on Q18.1.1 (2026-05-26 13:40)
 
-**Q18.1.1 — Is Schadensbemessung-as-appeal a duplicate of Endentscheidung, or a distinct set?**
+> Schadensbemessung-as-appeal is a NEW appeal target. Model it as a first-class entry in the appeal_target enum with its own rule set (no shared inheritance from upc.apl.merits). The rules don't exist yet in the catalog; for now the appeal_target value is defined and `CalcOptions.AppealTarget="schadensbemessung"` returns an empty sequence until rules are seeded.
 
-Three interpretations:
-- A. **Shared rule set**: appeal of a Schadensbemessung uses the SAME rules as appeal of an Endentscheidung (both run the 2/4-month merits track). `applies_to_target=['endentscheidung','schadensbemessung']` on each rule. (R) — simplest, matches what the live `upc.apl.merits` corpus does today (no explicit target distinction).
-- B. **Distinct rule set**: Schadensbemessung-appeal has its own anchor + sequence (different trigger event, different timing). Would need 7 new rule rows specifically for `applies_to_target=['schadensbemessung']`. No live evidence for this today.
-- C. **Defer**: ship Berufung unification with only 3 targets (endentscheidung / kostenentscheidung / anordnung) for v1; add Schadensbemessung + Bucheinsicht as a follow-up.
+→ **Option B wins (m overrode inventor's R=A).** Migration 134 still ships the schema + the 5 enum values + the chip group + the engine filter. Existing rules:
+- 7 `upc.apl.merits` rules → `applies_to_target=['endentscheidung']` (Endentscheidung only — NOT also Schadensbemessung).
+- 2 `upc.apl.cost` rules → `applies_to_target=['kostenentscheidung']`.
+- 7 `upc.apl.order` rules → `applies_to_target=['anordnung']`.
+- **Schadensbemessung + Bucheinsicht get NO rules in this migration.** `applies_to_target='schadensbemessung'` and `'bucheinsicht'` are valid enum values but no rule row carries them yet.
 
-Recommendation: **A** — share rules, multi-valued `applies_to_target` array. Frontend renders all 5 chips from day 1; the merits 7 rules show under endentscheidung + schadensbemessung; the order 7 rules show under anordnung + bucheinsicht (the 15-day track DOES apply to Bucheinsicht under R.142+R.220.2). No new rule rows needed.
+**Frontend behaviour with empty rule sets:**
+- All 5 target chips still render (the picker promises the user a complete vocabulary).
+- Picking Schadensbemessung or Bucheinsicht returns an empty timeline with a banner: "Frist-Sequenz für diesen Berufungstyp ist noch nicht hinterlegt — bitte über /admin/rules einpflegen oder Migrations-Follow-up abwarten."
+- Picking the 3 populated targets renders normally.
+
+**Rule-seeding follow-up (TODO, separate slice):**
+- Schadensbemessung-appeal rules: anchor on R.118.4 (Folgeentscheidung Schadensbemessung) decision; conjecture 2/4-month track but distinct legal basis.
+- Bucheinsicht-appeal rules: anchor on R.142 (Lay-open-books decision); conjecture 15-day track per R.220.2 + R.224.2.b.
+- Can pair with `t-paliad-193` orphan-concept-seed if m wants a combined seeding pass.
+- Either path: editorial via `/admin/rules` (rule-editor service, Slice 11a) so the lawyer team can author + audit.
 
 **Q18.1.2 — User-facing label for "appeal_target": "Worauf richtet sich die Berufung?" (DE) / "Appeal against:" (EN)?**
 

frontend/src/client/i18n.ts

@@ -237,6 +237,13 @@ const translations: Record<Lang, Record<string, string>> = {
     "deadlines.upc.disc.cfi": "Bucheinsicht",
     "deadlines.upc.apl.cost": "Berufung Kosten",
     "deadlines.upc.apl.order": "Berufung Anordnungen",
+    "deadlines.upc.apl": "Berufung",
+    "deadlines.appeal_target.label": "Worauf richtet sich die Berufung?",
+    "deadlines.appeal_target.endentscheidung": "Endentscheidung",
+    "deadlines.appeal_target.kostenentscheidung": "Kostenentscheidung",
+    "deadlines.appeal_target.anordnung": "Anordnung",
+    "deadlines.appeal_target.schadensbemessung": "Schadensbemessung",
+    "deadlines.appeal_target.bucheinsicht": "Bucheinsicht",
     "deadlines.de.group.inf": "Verletzungsverfahren",
     "deadlines.de.group.null": "Nichtigkeitsverfahren",
     "deadlines.de.inf.lg": "LG (1. Instanz)",
@@ -3327,6 +3334,13 @@ const translations: Record<Lang, Record<string, string>> = {
     "deadlines.upc.dmgs.cfi": "Damages Determination",
     "deadlines.upc.disc.cfi": "Lay-open Books",
     "deadlines.upc.apl.cost": "Cost-Decision Appeal",
+    "deadlines.upc.apl": "Appeal",
+    "deadlines.appeal_target.label": "Appeal against:",
+    "deadlines.appeal_target.endentscheidung": "Final Decision",
+    "deadlines.appeal_target.kostenentscheidung": "Cost Decision",
+    "deadlines.appeal_target.anordnung": "Order",
+    "deadlines.appeal_target.schadensbemessung": "Damages Determination",
+    "deadlines.appeal_target.bucheinsicht": "Lay-open Books",
     "deadlines.upc.apl.order": "Order Appeal (15-day)",
     "deadlines.de.group.inf": "Infringement proceedings",
     "deadlines.de.group.null": "Nullity proceedings",

frontend/src/client/verfahrensablauf.ts

@@ -64,9 +64,7 @@ let sidePrefilledFromProject = false;
 // Conservative — false negatives just hide a control; false positives
 // would show an irrelevant control.
 const APPELLANT_AXIS_PROCEEDINGS = new Set([
-  "upc.apl.merits",
-  "upc.apl.cost",
-  "upc.apl.order",
+  "upc.apl",
   "de.inf.olg",
   "de.inf.bgh",
   "de.null.bgh",
@@ -75,6 +73,29 @@ const APPELLANT_AXIS_PROCEEDINGS = new Set([
   "epa.opp.boa",
 ]);
 
+// Slice B1 (m/paliad#124 §18.1) — Berufung unification.
+// Proceedings that surface the appeal-target chip group. Currently
+// only the unified upc.apl proceeding; future variants (e.g. de.apl)
+// can opt in by adding the code here.
+const APPEAL_TARGET_PROCEEDINGS = new Set([
+  "upc.apl",
+]);
+
+// Five canonical appeal-target slugs (lp.AppealTargets — keep ordered
+// in sync with pkg/litigationplanner/types.go AppealTargets).
+const APPEAL_TARGETS = [
+  "endentscheidung",
+  "kostenentscheidung",
+  "anordnung",
+  "schadensbemessung",
+  "bucheinsicht",
+] as const;
+type AppealTarget = (typeof APPEAL_TARGETS)[number] | "";
+
+function hasAppealTarget(proceedingType: string): boolean {
+  return APPEAL_TARGET_PROCEEDINGS.has(proceedingType);
+}
+
 function hasAppellantAxis(proceedingType: string): boolean {
   return APPELLANT_AXIS_PROCEEDINGS.has(proceedingType);
 }
@@ -103,6 +124,32 @@ function writeAppellantToURL(a: Side) {
   window.history.replaceState(null, "", url.pathname + (url.search ? url.search : "") + url.hash);
 }
 
+// Slice B1 — appeal-target URL state. Empty string = no target picked
+// (the row is hidden because the proceeding isn't an appeal). Any
+// other value must be one of APPEAL_TARGETS; unknown values are
+// rejected by readAppealTargetFromURL so a stale link can't break
+// the engine filter.
+function readAppealTargetFromURL(): AppealTarget {
+  const raw = new URLSearchParams(window.location.search).get("target") || "";
+  if ((APPEAL_TARGETS as readonly string[]).includes(raw)) {
+    return raw as AppealTarget;
+  }
+  return "";
+}
+
+function writeAppealTargetToURL(t: AppealTarget) {
+  const url = new URL(window.location.href);
+  if (t === "") url.searchParams.delete("target");
+  else url.searchParams.set("target", t);
+  window.history.replaceState(null, "", url.pathname + (url.search ? url.search : "") + url.hash);
+}
+
+// Default target on first picker entry into upc.apl. m: Endentscheidung
+// is the most-common appeal target; the chip group also defaults
+// "Endentscheidung" checked in verfahrensablauf.tsx. Keep these two in
+// sync so the URL-less default render hits the same code path.
+let currentAppealTarget: AppealTarget = "";
+
 // Per-rule anchor overrides set by the click-to-edit affordance on
 // timeline / column date cells. Posted as `anchorOverrides` to the
 // /api/tools/fristenrechner calc so downstream rules re-anchor off the
@@ -268,6 +315,13 @@ async function doCalc() {
   const overrides: Record<string, string> = {};
   for (const [code, date] of anchorOverrides) overrides[code] = date;
 
+  // Slice B1 (m/paliad#124 §18.1): for the unified upc.apl Berufung,
+  // default to "endentscheidung" when no chip pick is stored in URL.
+  // For non-appeal proceedings the engine ignores opts.AppealTarget.
+  const appealTarget = hasAppealTarget(selectedType)
+    ? (currentAppealTarget || "endentscheidung")
+    : "";
+
   const data = await calculateDeadlines({
     proceedingType: selectedType,
     triggerDate,
@@ -276,6 +330,7 @@ async function doCalc() {
     courtId,
     perCardChoices,
     includeHidden: showHidden,
+    appealTarget,
   });
   if (seq !== calcSeq) return;
   if (!data) return;
@@ -447,6 +502,7 @@ function selectProceeding(btn: HTMLButtonElement) {
   void populateCourtPicker("court-picker-row", "court-picker", selectedType);
   syncFlagRows();
   syncAppellantRowVisibility();
+  syncAppealTargetRowVisibility();
 
   setProceedingPickerCollapsed(true, proceedingDisplayName(btn));
 
@@ -471,6 +527,23 @@ function syncAppellantRowVisibility() {
   }
 }
 
+// Slice B1 (m/paliad#124 §18.1) — Berufung unification.
+// syncAppealTargetRowVisibility shows the appeal-target chip group
+// when the unified upc.apl Berufung tile is selected, hides it
+// otherwise. Mirrors syncAppellantRowVisibility's pattern: clears
+// state + URL when hiding so a stale ?target= can't leak.
+function syncAppealTargetRowVisibility() {
+  const row = document.getElementById("appeal-target-row");
+  if (!row) return;
+  const visible = hasAppealTarget(selectedType);
+  row.style.display = visible ? "" : "none";
+  if (!visible && currentAppealTarget !== "") {
+    currentAppealTarget = "";
+    writeAppealTargetToURL("");
+    syncRadioGroup("appeal-target", "endentscheidung");
+  }
+}
+
 function syncRadioGroup(name: string, value: string) {
   document.querySelectorAll<HTMLInputElement>(`input[type=radio][name=${name}]`).forEach((input) => {
     input.checked = input.value === value;
@@ -655,8 +728,10 @@ function initViewToggle() {
 function initPerspectiveControls() {
   currentSide = readSideFromURL();
   currentAppellant = readAppellantFromURL();
+  currentAppealTarget = readAppealTargetFromURL();
   syncRadioGroup("side", currentSide ?? "");
   syncRadioGroup("appellant", currentAppellant ?? "");
+  syncRadioGroup("appeal-target", currentAppealTarget || "endentscheidung");
   syncSideHintVisibility();
 
   document.querySelectorAll<HTMLInputElement>("input[type=radio][name=side]").forEach((input) => {
@@ -679,6 +754,23 @@ function initPerspectiveControls() {
       if (lastResponse) renderResults(lastResponse);
     });
   });
+
+  // Slice B1 (m/paliad#124 §18.1) — appeal-target chip handler.
+  // Each chip change re-fetches with the new target slug so the
+  // timeline re-renders against the matching rule subset.
+  document.querySelectorAll<HTMLInputElement>("input[type=radio][name=appeal-target]").forEach((input) => {
+    input.addEventListener("change", () => {
+      if (!input.checked) return;
+      const v = input.value;
+      if ((APPEAL_TARGETS as readonly string[]).includes(v)) {
+        currentAppealTarget = v as AppealTarget;
+      } else {
+        currentAppealTarget = "";
+      }
+      writeAppealTargetToURL(currentAppealTarget);
+      scheduleCalc(0);
+    });
+  });
 }
 
 document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", () => {

frontend/src/client/views/verfahrensablauf-core.ts

@@ -195,6 +195,12 @@ export interface CalcParams {
   // Sent only when the page-level "Ausgeblendete anzeigen" toggle is
   // ON.
   includeHidden?: boolean;
+  // Slice B1 / m/paliad#124 §18.1: narrows the unified UPC Berufung
+  // (upc.apl) timeline to the rule subset whose applies_to_target
+  // contains the requested slug. Empty = no filter. Valid values:
+  // endentscheidung | kostenentscheidung | anordnung |
+  // schadensbemessung | bucheinsicht.
+  appealTarget?: string;
 }
 
 const PARTY_CLASS: Record<string, string> = {
@@ -811,6 +817,7 @@ export async function calculateDeadlines(params: CalcParams): Promise<DeadlineRe
           ? params.perCardChoices
           : undefined,
         includeHidden: params.includeHidden ? true : undefined,
+        appealTarget: params.appealTarget || undefined,
       }),
     });
     if (!resp.ok) {

frontend/src/i18n-keys.ts

@@ -1184,6 +1184,12 @@ export type I18nKey =
   | "deadlines.adjusted.weekend"
   | "deadlines.adjusted.weekend.saturday"
   | "deadlines.adjusted.weekend.sunday"
+  | "deadlines.appeal_target.anordnung"
+  | "deadlines.appeal_target.bucheinsicht"
+  | "deadlines.appeal_target.endentscheidung"
+  | "deadlines.appeal_target.kostenentscheidung"
+  | "deadlines.appeal_target.label"
+  | "deadlines.appeal_target.schadensbemessung"
   | "deadlines.appellant.claimant"
   | "deadlines.appellant.defendant"
   | "deadlines.appellant.label"
@@ -1511,6 +1517,7 @@ export type I18nKey =
   | "deadlines.trigger.label"
   | "deadlines.unavailable"
   | "deadlines.upc"
+  | "deadlines.upc.apl"
   | "deadlines.upc.apl.cost"
   | "deadlines.upc.apl.merits"
   | "deadlines.upc.apl.order"

frontend/src/verfahrensablauf.tsx

@@ -28,16 +28,20 @@ function proceedingBtn(p: ProceedingDef): string {
   );
 }
 
+// Slice B1 (m/paliad#124 §18.1): the 3 separate Berufung tiles
+// (upc.apl.merits / upc.apl.cost / upc.apl.order) collapse into ONE
+// unified "Berufung" tile (upc.apl). After picking it, the user
+// selects which decision the appeal is directed AT via the
+// .appeal-target-row chip group below — the engine then filters
+// rules whose applies_to_target contains the picked slug.
 const UPC_TYPES: ProceedingDef[] = [
   { code: "upc.inf.cfi",    i18nKey: "deadlines.upc.inf.cfi",    name: "Verletzungsverfahren" },
   { code: "upc.rev.cfi",    i18nKey: "deadlines.upc.rev.cfi",    name: "Nichtigkeitsklage" },
   { code: "upc.ccr.cfi",    i18nKey: "deadlines.upc.ccr.cfi",    name: "Widerklage auf Nichtigkeit" },
   { code: "upc.pi.cfi",     i18nKey: "deadlines.upc.pi.cfi",     name: "Einstw. Maßnahmen" },
-  { code: "upc.apl.merits", i18nKey: "deadlines.upc.apl.merits", name: "Berufung" },
+  { code: "upc.apl",        i18nKey: "deadlines.upc.apl",        name: "Berufung" },
   { code: "upc.dmgs.cfi",   i18nKey: "deadlines.upc.dmgs.cfi",   name: "Schadensbemessung" },
   { code: "upc.disc.cfi",   i18nKey: "deadlines.upc.disc.cfi",   name: "Bucheinsicht" },
-  { code: "upc.apl.cost",   i18nKey: "deadlines.upc.apl.cost",   name: "Berufung Kosten" },
-  { code: "upc.apl.order",  i18nKey: "deadlines.upc.apl.order",  name: "Berufung Anordnungen" },
 ];
 
 // DE proceedings split by type (Verletzung / Nichtigkeit) per m's
@@ -216,6 +220,36 @@ export function renderVerfahrensablauf(): string {
                         </button>
                       </div>
                     </div>
+                    {/* Appeal-target chip row (Slice B1 / m/paliad#124 §18.1).
+                         Shown only when the unified upc.apl Berufung tile is
+                         selected; lets the user narrow the timeline to the
+                         rules whose applies_to_target contains the picked
+                         decision kind. URL state ?target=<slug>. */}
+                    <div className="verfahrensablauf-perspective-row" id="appeal-target-row" style="display:none">
+                      <span className="date-label" data-i18n="deadlines.appeal_target.label">Worauf richtet sich die Berufung?</span>
+                      <div className="fristen-view-toggle" role="radiogroup" aria-label="Appeal target">
+                        <label className="fristen-view-option">
+                          <input type="radio" name="appeal-target" value="endentscheidung" checked />
+                          <span data-i18n="deadlines.appeal_target.endentscheidung">Endentscheidung</span>
+                        </label>
+                        <label className="fristen-view-option">
+                          <input type="radio" name="appeal-target" value="kostenentscheidung" />
+                          <span data-i18n="deadlines.appeal_target.kostenentscheidung">Kostenentscheidung</span>
+                        </label>
+                        <label className="fristen-view-option">
+                          <input type="radio" name="appeal-target" value="anordnung" />
+                          <span data-i18n="deadlines.appeal_target.anordnung">Anordnung</span>
+                        </label>
+                        <label className="fristen-view-option">
+                          <input type="radio" name="appeal-target" value="schadensbemessung" />
+                          <span data-i18n="deadlines.appeal_target.schadensbemessung">Schadensbemessung</span>
+                        </label>
+                        <label className="fristen-view-option">
+                          <input type="radio" name="appeal-target" value="bucheinsicht" />
+                          <span data-i18n="deadlines.appeal_target.bucheinsicht">Bucheinsicht</span>
+                        </label>
+                      </div>
+                    </div>
                     <div className="verfahrensablauf-perspective-row" id="appellant-row" style="display:none">
                       <span className="date-label" data-i18n="deadlines.appellant.label">Berufung durch:</span>
                       <div className="fristen-view-toggle" role="radiogroup" aria-label="Appellant">

internal/db/migrations/134_berufung_unification.down.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+-- 134_berufung_unification — DOWN
+--
+-- Reverses the Berufung unification: un-archives the 3 old appeal
+-- proceeding_types, points the 16 rules back at their original
+-- proceeding by their applies_to_target stamp, drops the new
+-- upc.apl row, drops the two columns + their CHECK constraints.
+--
+-- The 3 old proceeding_types are recovered by code (we archived them,
+-- never deleted them — that's what makes this down-migration safe).
+-- ---------------------------------------------------------------
+
+-- ---------------------------------------------------------------
+-- 1. Un-archive the 3 old appeal proceeding_types.
+-- ---------------------------------------------------------------
+
+UPDATE paliad.proceeding_types
+   SET is_active = true,
+       updated_at = now()
+ WHERE code IN ('upc.apl.merits', 'upc.apl.cost', 'upc.apl.order');
+
+-- ---------------------------------------------------------------
+-- 2. Point rules back at their original proceeding_type by stamp.
+-- ---------------------------------------------------------------
+
+UPDATE paliad.deadline_rules dr
+   SET proceeding_type_id = (
+        SELECT id FROM paliad.proceeding_types WHERE code = 'upc.apl.merits'
+       )
+ WHERE dr.applies_to_target = ARRAY['endentscheidung']::text[];
+
+UPDATE paliad.deadline_rules dr
+   SET proceeding_type_id = (
+        SELECT id FROM paliad.proceeding_types WHERE code = 'upc.apl.cost'
+       )
+ WHERE dr.applies_to_target = ARRAY['kostenentscheidung']::text[];
+
+UPDATE paliad.deadline_rules dr
+   SET proceeding_type_id = (
+        SELECT id FROM paliad.proceeding_types WHERE code = 'upc.apl.order'
+       )
+ WHERE dr.applies_to_target = ARRAY['anordnung']::text[];
+
+-- ---------------------------------------------------------------
+-- 3. Drop the unified upc.apl row (now orphaned).
+-- ---------------------------------------------------------------
+
+DELETE FROM paliad.proceeding_types WHERE code = 'upc.apl';
+
+-- ---------------------------------------------------------------
+-- 4. Drop the new columns + their CHECK constraints.
+-- ---------------------------------------------------------------
+
+ALTER TABLE paliad.deadline_rules
+    DROP CONSTRAINT IF EXISTS deadline_rules_applies_to_target_chk;
+
+ALTER TABLE paliad.deadline_rules
+    DROP COLUMN IF EXISTS applies_to_target;
+
+ALTER TABLE paliad.proceeding_types
+    DROP CONSTRAINT IF EXISTS proceeding_types_appeal_target_chk;
+
+ALTER TABLE paliad.proceeding_types
+    DROP COLUMN IF EXISTS appeal_target;

internal/db/migrations/134_berufung_unification.up.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,263 @@
+-- 134_berufung_unification — Slice B1, m/paliad#124, t-paliad-298+
+--
+-- Collapses the 3 active UPC appeal proceeding_types (upc.apl.merits,
+-- upc.apl.cost, upc.apl.order — 16 rules across 3 codes) into ONE
+-- unified upc.apl proceeding type + an `appeal_target` discriminator on
+-- both proceeding_types (top-level marker) and deadline_rules
+-- (per-row applies-to set, text[] for multi-target rules).
+--
+-- ADDITIVE ONLY. The migration:
+--   1. Adds the two columns + check constraints.
+--   2. Inserts the new upc.apl proceeding type.
+--   3. Audit-first: NOTICES every row about to be touched.
+--   4. Reassigns rule rows from the 3 old types to upc.apl, stamping
+--      applies_to_target by source proceeding code.
+--   5. Archives (is_active=false) the 3 old proceeding_types — NEVER
+--      deletes them, so any historical project_event_choices / FK
+--      references stay intact.
+--
+-- Schadensbemessung + Bucheinsicht get NO rule rows in this migration
+-- (m's 2026-05-26 decision: distinct rule sets, not shared with
+-- merits). Their appeal_target enum values are defined and addressable
+-- by CalcOptions.AppealTarget; the engine returns an empty timeline
+-- until rules are seeded in a follow-up slice (likely via
+-- /admin/rules, pairing with t-paliad-193 orphan-concept-seed).
+--
+-- See docs/design-litigation-planner-2026-05-26.md §18.1.
+
+-- ---------------------------------------------------------------
+-- 1. Schema additions
+-- ---------------------------------------------------------------
+
+ALTER TABLE paliad.proceeding_types
+    ADD COLUMN appeal_target text NULL;
+
+ALTER TABLE paliad.proceeding_types
+    ADD CONSTRAINT proceeding_types_appeal_target_chk
+        CHECK (appeal_target IS NULL OR appeal_target IN (
+            'endentscheidung',
+            'kostenentscheidung',
+            'anordnung',
+            'schadensbemessung',
+            'bucheinsicht'
+        ));
+
+COMMENT ON COLUMN paliad.proceeding_types.appeal_target IS
+    'Top-level appeal-target marker. NULL on non-appeal proceedings. '
+    'Reserved for future variants — today only the unified upc.apl row '
+    'has this NULL (the actual per-rule target set lives on '
+    'paliad.deadline_rules.applies_to_target).';
+
+ALTER TABLE paliad.deadline_rules
+    ADD COLUMN applies_to_target text[] NULL;
+
+ALTER TABLE paliad.deadline_rules
+    ADD CONSTRAINT deadline_rules_applies_to_target_chk
+        CHECK (
+            applies_to_target IS NULL
+            OR applies_to_target <@ ARRAY[
+                'endentscheidung',
+                'kostenentscheidung',
+                'anordnung',
+                'schadensbemessung',
+                'bucheinsicht'
+            ]::text[]
+        );
+
+COMMENT ON COLUMN paliad.deadline_rules.applies_to_target IS
+    'Set of appeal_target slugs this rule applies to. NULL on rules '
+    'that don''t belong to an appeal proceeding. The engine filters '
+    'by CalcOptions.AppealTarget — rules whose applies_to_target '
+    'contains the requested slug are emitted; others are suppressed.';
+
+-- ---------------------------------------------------------------
+-- 2. Insert the unified upc.apl row.
+--
+-- Inherits default_color from the merits row (the most-used appeal
+-- track today). sort_order follows the cluster of UPC proceedings;
+-- placed just before upc.apl.merits's old slot so the chip-grouped
+-- picker UI lands Berufung in a sensible position. Tweakable later
+-- without a migration.
+-- ---------------------------------------------------------------
+
+INSERT INTO paliad.proceeding_types (
+    code, name, name_en, description, jurisdiction, category,
+    default_color, sort_order, is_active, display_order,
+    appeal_target
+)
+SELECT
+    'upc.apl',
+    'Berufungsverfahren',
+    'Appeal',
+    'Vereinheitlichtes Berufungsverfahren — wählen Sie anschließend, '
+    'worauf die Berufung sich richtet (Endentscheidung, '
+    'Kostenentscheidung, Anordnung, Schadensbemessung, Bucheinsicht).',
+    'UPC',
+    'fristenrechner',
+    default_color,
+    sort_order,
+    true,
+    display_order,
+    NULL
+FROM paliad.proceeding_types
+WHERE code = 'upc.apl.merits';
+
+-- ---------------------------------------------------------------
+-- 3. Audit-first RAISE NOTICE pass.
+--
+-- Lists every rule row that will be reassigned + every proceeding_type
+-- row that will be archived. The migration runs to completion either
+-- way; the operator reads the notices to confirm scope before the
+-- next migration in the chain.
+-- ---------------------------------------------------------------
+
+DO $$
+DECLARE
+    rec record;
+    upc_apl_id int;
+    rules_touched int := 0;
+    procs_archived int := 0;
+BEGIN
+    SELECT id INTO upc_apl_id
+      FROM paliad.proceeding_types
+     WHERE code = 'upc.apl';
+    RAISE NOTICE '[mig 134] new upc.apl proceeding_type_id = %', upc_apl_id;
+
+    RAISE NOTICE '[mig 134] Rules to reassign to upc.apl with applies_to_target:';
+    FOR rec IN
+        SELECT dr.id AS rule_id,
+               pt.code AS old_proceeding,
+               dr.submission_code,
+               dr.name
+          FROM paliad.deadline_rules dr
+          JOIN paliad.proceeding_types pt ON pt.id = dr.proceeding_type_id
+         WHERE pt.code IN ('upc.apl.merits', 'upc.apl.cost', 'upc.apl.order')
+           AND dr.is_active = true
+        ORDER BY pt.code, dr.sequence_order
+    LOOP
+        RAISE NOTICE '[mig 134]   %  %  %  (%)',
+            rec.old_proceeding, rec.submission_code, rec.name, rec.rule_id;
+        rules_touched := rules_touched + 1;
+    END LOOP;
+    RAISE NOTICE '[mig 134] Total rules to reassign: %', rules_touched;
+
+    RAISE NOTICE '[mig 134] Proceeding_types to archive (is_active=false):';
+    FOR rec IN
+        SELECT id, code, name
+          FROM paliad.proceeding_types
+         WHERE code IN ('upc.apl.merits', 'upc.apl.cost', 'upc.apl.order')
+         ORDER BY sort_order
+    LOOP
+        RAISE NOTICE '[mig 134]   %  %  (id=%)', rec.code, rec.name, rec.id;
+        procs_archived := procs_archived + 1;
+    END LOOP;
+    RAISE NOTICE '[mig 134] Total proceeding_types to archive: %', procs_archived;
+END $$;
+
+-- ---------------------------------------------------------------
+-- 4. Reassign rule rows.
+--
+-- Stamp applies_to_target by source proceeding code, then point all
+-- 16 rules at the new upc.apl row.
+-- ---------------------------------------------------------------
+
+-- 4a. upc.apl.merits → applies_to_target = {endentscheidung}
+UPDATE paliad.deadline_rules dr
+   SET applies_to_target = ARRAY['endentscheidung']::text[]
+  FROM paliad.proceeding_types pt
+ WHERE pt.id = dr.proceeding_type_id
+   AND pt.code = 'upc.apl.merits'
+   AND dr.is_active = true;
+
+-- 4b. upc.apl.cost → applies_to_target = {kostenentscheidung}
+UPDATE paliad.deadline_rules dr
+   SET applies_to_target = ARRAY['kostenentscheidung']::text[]
+  FROM paliad.proceeding_types pt
+ WHERE pt.id = dr.proceeding_type_id
+   AND pt.code = 'upc.apl.cost'
+   AND dr.is_active = true;
+
+-- 4c. upc.apl.order → applies_to_target = {anordnung}
+UPDATE paliad.deadline_rules dr
+   SET applies_to_target = ARRAY['anordnung']::text[]
+  FROM paliad.proceeding_types pt
+ WHERE pt.id = dr.proceeding_type_id
+   AND pt.code = 'upc.apl.order'
+   AND dr.is_active = true;
+
+-- 4d. Reassign all 16 rules to the new upc.apl proceeding_type row.
+UPDATE paliad.deadline_rules dr
+   SET proceeding_type_id = (
+        SELECT id FROM paliad.proceeding_types WHERE code = 'upc.apl'
+       )
+  FROM paliad.proceeding_types pt
+ WHERE pt.id = dr.proceeding_type_id
+   AND pt.code IN ('upc.apl.merits', 'upc.apl.cost', 'upc.apl.order');
+
+-- ---------------------------------------------------------------
+-- 5. Archive the 3 old proceeding_types.
+--
+-- NEVER DELETE — historical project_event_choices and project FKs
+-- (paliad.projects.proceeding_type_id) may still reference these IDs.
+-- The is_active=false flag stops them appearing in the picker but
+-- preserves FK integrity for historical reads.
+-- ---------------------------------------------------------------
+
+UPDATE paliad.proceeding_types
+   SET is_active = false,
+       updated_at = now()
+ WHERE code IN ('upc.apl.merits', 'upc.apl.cost', 'upc.apl.order');
+
+-- ---------------------------------------------------------------
+-- 6. Post-migration sanity check.
+-- ---------------------------------------------------------------
+
+DO $$
+DECLARE
+    unified_count int;
+    archived_count int;
+    target_distribution record;
+BEGIN
+    SELECT COUNT(*) INTO unified_count
+      FROM paliad.deadline_rules dr
+      JOIN paliad.proceeding_types pt ON pt.id = dr.proceeding_type_id
+     WHERE pt.code = 'upc.apl' AND dr.is_active = true;
+    RAISE NOTICE '[mig 134] post: rules on unified upc.apl = % (expected 16)', unified_count;
+    IF unified_count <> 16 THEN
+        RAISE EXCEPTION '[mig 134] FAILED — expected 16 rules on upc.apl, got %', unified_count;
+    END IF;
+
+    SELECT COUNT(*) INTO archived_count
+      FROM paliad.proceeding_types
+     WHERE code IN ('upc.apl.merits', 'upc.apl.cost', 'upc.apl.order')
+       AND is_active = false;
+    RAISE NOTICE '[mig 134] post: archived old appeal proceeding_types = % (expected 3)', archived_count;
+    IF archived_count <> 3 THEN
+        RAISE EXCEPTION '[mig 134] FAILED — expected 3 archived types, got %', archived_count;
+    END IF;
+
+    FOR target_distribution IN
+        SELECT unnest(applies_to_target) AS target, COUNT(*) AS n
+          FROM paliad.deadline_rules dr
+          JOIN paliad.proceeding_types pt ON pt.id = dr.proceeding_type_id
+         WHERE pt.code = 'upc.apl' AND dr.is_active = true
+         GROUP BY unnest(applies_to_target)
+         ORDER BY 1
+    LOOP
+        RAISE NOTICE '[mig 134] post: applies_to_target=%  count=%',
+            target_distribution.target, target_distribution.n;
+    END LOOP;
+END $$;
+
+-- ---------------------------------------------------------------
+-- TODO (follow-up slice, not in 134):
+--
+-- Seed rules for Schadensbemessung-as-appeal + Bucheinsicht-as-appeal.
+-- m's 2026-05-26 decision: distinct rule sets, NOT shared with merits.
+-- - Schadensbemessung: anchor on R.118.4 decision; conjecture 2/4-month
+--   merits-style track but distinct legal basis.
+-- - Bucheinsicht: anchor on R.142 (Lay-open-books decision); conjecture
+--   15-day track per R.220.2 + R.224.2.b.
+-- Can pair with t-paliad-193 orphan-concept-seed if m wants a combined
+-- editorial pass via /admin/rules.
+-- ---------------------------------------------------------------

internal/handlers/fristenrechner.go

@@ -69,6 +69,14 @@ func handleFristenrechnerAPI(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		// stay in the result list. Default false preserves the legacy
 		// suppression. HiddenCount on the response is independent.
 		IncludeHidden bool `json:"includeHidden,omitempty"`
+		// Slice B1 / m/paliad#124 §18.1: narrows the unified UPC
+		// Berufung (upc.apl) timeline to the rule subset whose
+		// applies_to_target contains the requested slug. Empty = no
+		// filter. Valid values: endentscheidung | kostenentscheidung
+		// | anordnung | schadensbemessung | bucheinsicht. Unknown
+		// slugs are silently dropped (no filter) so a stale frontend
+		// chip doesn't 400 the request.
+		AppealTarget string `json:"appealTarget,omitempty"`
 	}
 	if err := json.NewDecoder(r.Body).Decode(&req); err != nil {
 		writeJSON(w, http.StatusBadRequest, map[string]string{"error": "Ungültige Anfrage"})
@@ -116,6 +124,7 @@ func handleFristenrechnerAPI(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		SkipRules:        addendum.SkipRules,
 		IncludeCCRFor:    addendum.IncludeCCRFor,
 		IncludeHidden:    req.IncludeHidden,
+		AppealTarget:     req.AppealTarget,
 	})
 	if err != nil {
 		if errors.Is(err, services.ErrUnknownProceedingType) {

internal/services/deadline_rule_service.go

@@ -35,11 +35,12 @@ const ruleColumns = `id, proceeding_type_id, parent_id, submission_code, name, n
 	created_at, updated_at,
 	trigger_event_id, spawn_proceeding_type_id, combine_op, condition_expr,
 	priority, is_court_set, lifecycle_state, draft_of, published_at,
-	choices_offered`
+	choices_offered, applies_to_target`
 
 const proceedingTypeColumns = `id, code, name, name_en, description, jurisdiction,
 	category, default_color, sort_order, is_active,
-	trigger_event_label_de, trigger_event_label_en`
+	trigger_event_label_de, trigger_event_label_en,
+	appeal_target`
 
 // List returns active rules, optionally filtered by proceeding type.
 // Each row has ConceptDefaultEventTypeID hydrated from

pkg/litigationplanner/engine.go

@@ -126,6 +126,25 @@ func Calculate(
 		rules = ApplyRuleOverrides(rules, opts.RuleOverrides)
 	}
 
+	// AppealTarget filter (Slice B1, m/paliad#124 §18.1). When set,
+	// keep only rules whose AppliesToTarget contains the requested
+	// slug. Unknown slugs short-circuit to no-op (defensive: a stale
+	// frontend chip shouldn't break the render). Empty AppliesToTarget
+	// on a rule means "doesn't belong to an appeal target" — such a
+	// rule is suppressed under any non-empty AppealTarget filter.
+	if opts.AppealTarget != "" && IsValidAppealTarget(opts.AppealTarget) {
+		filtered := make([]Rule, 0, len(rules))
+		for _, r := range rules {
+			for _, t := range r.AppliesToTarget {
+				if t == opts.AppealTarget {
+					filtered = append(filtered, r)
+					break
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		rules = filtered
+	}
+
 	// ruleByID lets the conditional-rendering branches resolve a parent
 	// rule's display fields (submission_code, name, name_en) for the
 	// "abhängig von <ParentRuleName>" chip without re-scanning the rules

pkg/litigationplanner/types.go

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import (
 	"time"
 
 	"github.com/google/uuid"
+	"github.com/lib/pq"
 )
 
 // NullableJSON is a jsonb column that may be NULL. json.RawMessage
@@ -149,6 +150,13 @@ type Rule struct {
 	// rule offers on the Verfahrensablauf timeline (mig 129,
 	// t-paliad-265). NULL = no caret affordance (default).
 	ChoicesOffered NullableJSON `db:"choices_offered" json:"choices_offered,omitempty"`
+
+	// AppliesToTarget is the per-rule applies-to set for the unified
+	// UPC Berufung proceeding type (Slice B1, mig 134, m/paliad#124
+	// §18.1). Each element ∈ AppealTargets. NULL on rules outside
+	// the appeal proceeding. The engine filters by this when
+	// CalcOptions.AppealTarget is set.
+	AppliesToTarget pq.StringArray `db:"applies_to_target" json:"appliesToTarget,omitempty"`
 }
 
 // ProceedingType is one of the litigation conceptual codes (INF/REV/CCR
@@ -171,6 +179,12 @@ type ProceedingType struct {
 	// that fires when no rule has IsRootEvent=true.
 	TriggerEventLabelDE *string `db:"trigger_event_label_de" json:"trigger_event_label_de,omitempty"`
 	TriggerEventLabelEN *string `db:"trigger_event_label_en" json:"trigger_event_label_en,omitempty"`
+
+	// AppealTarget is the top-level appeal-target marker (Slice B1, mig
+	// 134). NULL on non-appeal proceedings. Reserved for future variants
+	// — today the unified upc.apl row has this NULL (per-rule targets
+	// live on Rule.AppliesToTarget).
+	AppealTarget *string `db:"appeal_target" json:"appeal_target,omitempty"`
 }
 
 // AdjustmentReason describes why a date was rolled forward / backward
@@ -253,6 +267,14 @@ type CalcOptions struct {
 	IncludeHidden    bool
 
 	ProjectHint ProjectHint
+
+	// AppealTarget narrows the timeline to rules whose AppliesToTarget
+	// contains the requested slug. Empty = no filter. Set to one of
+	// AppealTargets for the unified UPC Berufung picker (Slice B1,
+	// m/paliad#124 §18.1). Unknown slugs are silently dropped (no
+	// filter applied) so a stale frontend chip doesn't break the
+	// timeline render — see IsValidAppealTarget.
+	AppealTarget string
 }
 
 // ProjectHint scopes a Catalog call to a specific project. Paliad's
@@ -426,3 +448,52 @@ var (
 	ErrUnknownProceedingType = errors.New("unknown proceeding type")
 	ErrUnknownRule           = errors.New("unknown rule")
 )
+
+// AppealTarget* are the canonical slugs for the unified UPC Berufung
+// proceeding type's appeal-target discriminator (Slice B1, m/paliad#124
+// §18.1). The verfahrensablauf picker renders one "Berufung" entry;
+// the user then picks one of these five targets and the engine filters
+// rules whose AppliesToTarget contains the requested slug.
+//
+// Schadensbemessung + Bucheinsicht have no rule rows in migration 134;
+// per m's 2026-05-26 decision they are distinct from the merits track
+// and their rule sets will be seeded in a follow-up slice (paired with
+// t-paliad-193 orphan-concept-seed or editorial via /admin/rules).
+// CalcOptions.AppealTarget="schadensbemessung" or "bucheinsicht"
+// currently returns an empty timeline.
+const (
+	AppealTargetEndentscheidung    = "endentscheidung"
+	AppealTargetKostenentscheidung = "kostenentscheidung"
+	AppealTargetAnordnung          = "anordnung"
+	AppealTargetSchadensbemessung  = "schadensbemessung"
+	AppealTargetBucheinsicht       = "bucheinsicht"
+)
+
+// AppealTargets is the canonical ordered list for UI chip rendering +
+// validation. Order matches the design doc + the frontend's i18n key
+// ordering — do not reorder without coordinating with the chip-group
+// renderer.
+var AppealTargets = []string{
+	AppealTargetEndentscheidung,
+	AppealTargetKostenentscheidung,
+	AppealTargetAnordnung,
+	AppealTargetSchadensbemessung,
+	AppealTargetBucheinsicht,
+}
+
+// IsValidAppealTarget returns true for empty (no filter requested) or
+// any of the five canonical slugs. The engine uses this to gate the
+// CalcOptions.AppealTarget filter — an unknown slug is silently
+// dropped (no filter applied) rather than producing an error, so a
+// stale frontend chip doesn't break the timeline render.
+func IsValidAppealTarget(s string) bool {
+	if s == "" {
+		return true
+	}
+	for _, t := range AppealTargets {
+		if t == s {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}